{"id":3819,"date":"2020-04-14T15:14:34","date_gmt":"2020-04-14T12:14:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rugute.lt\/?page_id=3819"},"modified":"2022-01-12T11:07:31","modified_gmt":"2022-01-12T09:07:31","slug":"mityba-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rugute.lt\/en\/informacija\/bendra-informacija\/mityba-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Mityba II"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Bendra informacija <\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Mityba II<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Para\u0161\u0117<\/div>
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Giedr\u0117 Jaglauskait\u0117 <\/span><\/span><\/h2><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tKomplikacijos, sukeltos gydymo ar ligos, ir b\u016bdai jas suma\u017einti, panaikinti.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Sergantieji onkologin\u0117mis ligomis da\u017enai susiduria su gydymo ar pa\u010dios ligos sukeltomis komplikacijomis, turin\u010diomis \u012ftakos mitybai\u00a0<\/span><\/div>
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– apetito nebuvimu,<\/div>
– svorio poky\u010diais,<\/div>
– burnos gleivin\u0117s pa\u017eeidimais,<\/div>
– sausumu burnoje,<\/div>
– dant\u0173 ir danten\u0173 pa\u017eeidimais,<\/div>
– uosl\u0117s ir skonio jutimo poky\u010diais,<\/div>
– pykinimu ir v\u0117mimu,<\/div>
– viduriavimu,<\/div>
– laktoz\u0117s netoleravimu,<\/div>
– obstipacija – viduri\u0173 u\u017ekiet\u0117jimu,<\/div>
– rijimo problemomis.<\/div>
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Tinkama, subalansuota mityba, sergant onkologin\u0117mis ligomis, padeda:<\/div>
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– sustabdyti raumen\u0173, kaul\u0173, organ\u0173 mas\u0117s nykim\u0105,<\/div>
– geriau toleruoti gydym\u0105,<\/div>
– suma\u017einti komplikacijas,<\/div>
– palaikyti ger\u0105 savijaut\u0105,<\/div>
– kovoti su infekcin\u0117mis komplikacijomis,<\/div>
– gyti ir atsistatyti organizmui,<\/div>
– pagerinti gyvenimo kokyb\u0119.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNemalon\u016bs skonio pakitimai\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Dauguma onkologin\u0117mis ligomis sergan\u010di\u0173 \u017emoni\u0173 kai kuriais periodais patiria, kad skonis pakinta. \u0160i\u0173 pakitim\u0173 prie\u017eastis gali b\u016bti pati liga arba taikomas gydymas. Kai nejau\u010diamas \u012fprastas maisto skonis, sunku suvalgyti pakankamai daug.<\/div>
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Maisto skonis pasikei\u010dia \u012fvairiai – pavyzd\u017eiui, daug baltym\u0173 turintis maistas gali tur\u0117ti a\u0161tr\u0173 ar metalo skon\u012f, saldus maistas gali atrodyti gai\u017eus, o a\u0161trus maistas gali tur\u0117ti aitr\u0173 skon\u012f. Daugeliui lengviau valgyti daug baltym\u0173 turint\u012f maist\u0105 \u2013 virt\u0105 m\u0117s\u0105, \u017euv\u012f, pauk\u0161tien\u0105, omlet\u0105, kumpio bei kiau\u0161inio salotas – tada, kai jis \u0161altas ar kambario temperat\u016bros. Kitas daug baltym\u0173 ir da\u017enai tinkantis maistas yra \u201epauk\u0161\u010di\u0173 pienas\u201c, pieno kokteilis, ledai ir \u012fvair\u016bs pudingai, pagaminti su \u017eelatina.<\/div>
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Jei n\u0117ra joki\u0173 problem\u0173, galima vartoti drusk\u0105 ir \u012fvairius marinatus, pagamintus i\u0161 sald\u017ei\u0173 vaisi\u0173 sul\u010di\u0173, sojos pada\u017eo, gerinan\u010dius skon\u012f. Dalis prieskoni\u0173, kaip m\u0117tos ar bazilikas, suteikia maistui apetit\u0105 keliant\u012f aromat\u0105. Taip pat rekomenduojama rinktis \u0161velnesn\u0119 m\u0117s\u0105: \u017euv\u012f, kalakutien\u0105 bei maist\u0105, kurio skonis jau\u010diamas ir malonus.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Burnos gleivin\u0117s prie\u017ei\u016bra prie\u0161 valg\u012f gali suma\u017einti burnos skausm\u0105. Galima prie\u0161 valgym\u0105 praskalauti burn\u0105 drungnu fiziologiniu vandeniu (fiziologinis tirpalas – tai 0.9% NaCl (valgomosios druskos) tirpalas, jo drusk\u0173 koncentracija yra lygi l\u0105stel\u0117se esan\u010di\u0173 drusk\u0173 koncentracijai).<\/div>
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Jei \u012fla\u0161inama keli la\u0161ai citrinos sul\u010di\u0173, jie gali pad\u0117ti atpalaiduoti gleives, naudinga gerti ir valgant (jeigu n\u0117ra apetito suma\u017e\u0117jimo, nes tuomet skrandis u\u017epildomas g\u0117rimu ir nebesinori valgyti), ir tarp valgi\u0173.<\/div>
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Mink\u0161t\u0105 arba skyst\u0105 maist\u0105 yra lengviau praryti, pavyzd\u017eiui, trint\u0105 maist\u0105, apkepus arba patiekus maist\u0105 su pada\u017eu. Jei seil\u0117s tir\u0161tos, reik\u0117t\u0173 vengti saldaus pieno. Becukr\u0117s kramtomosios gumos kramtymas ar pastil\u0117s stimuliuoja seili\u0173 i\u0161siskyrim\u0105. Prie\u0161 valgym\u0105 taip pat rekomenduojama paragauti labai saldaus maisto, kadangi jis skatina gausesn\u012f seili\u0173 i\u0161siskyrim\u0105.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Ledai arba ledo gabaliukai, taip pat \u0161alta grietin\u0117l\u0117 prie\u0161 valg\u012f, kai kuriems \u017emon\u0117ms suma\u017eina burnos jautrum\u0105. Nerekomenduojama valgyti citrusini\u0173 vaisi\u0173, pomidor\u0173, daug prieskoni\u0173 turin\u010dio s\u016bdyto maisto. Ta\u010diau labai tinka sriubos, melionai, vynuog\u0117s, \u0161velnios (pavyzd\u017eiui, m\u0117lyni\u0173) sultys. Visas maistas turi b\u016bti tiekiamas kambario temperat\u016bros. Patariama da\u017enai skalauti burn\u0105.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Tuo metu, kai atliekamas spindulinis gydymas, d\u0117l rijimo problem\u0173 ar pykinimo gali b\u016bti beveik ne\u012fmanoma valgyti maisto. Tod\u0117l pacientas turi b\u016bti skatinamas valgyti kuo kaloringesn\u012f skyst\u0105 maist\u0105, pavyzd\u017eiui, sriubas su grietin\u0117le, \u0161okoladinius ar karamelinius pudingus.<\/div>
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Po spindulinio gydymo galvos ir kaklo srityje ir da\u017enai po chirurgin\u0117s tos srities operacijos kai kuriems \u017emon\u0117ms kyla toki\u0173 dideli\u0173 rijimo problem\u0173, kad b\u016btina juos maitinti per zond\u0105 ar parenteraliniu b\u016bdu. Parenteralinis maitinimas rei\u0161kia, kad maistas tiekiamas ne per \u017earnyn\u0105 o intraveniniu b\u016bdu. Maisto med\u017eiagos i\u0161 anksto suskaidomos \u012f paprastas sudedam\u0105sias dalis. Taip organizmas gali jas pasisavinti, nepriklausomai nuo vir\u0161kinimo proceso \u017earnyne.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPykinimas ir v\u0117mimas\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Tiems, kuriuos greitai pykina, geriausia valgyti lengvai vir\u0161kinam\u0105 maist\u0105: duon\u0105, ry\u017eius, konservuotus persikus, jogurt\u0105, karbonizuotus g\u0117rimus. Toks maistas gali greitai pereiti skrand\u012f.<\/div>
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Reikia vengti maisto produkt\u0173, kuriems b\u016bdingas stiprus kvapas, riebaluose kept\u0173 patiekal\u0173, saldumyn\u0173, kar\u0161t\u0173 ir a\u0161tri\u0173 patiekal\u0173. Truput\u012f pak\u0117lus galv\u016bgal\u012f ma\u017e\u0117ja pykinimas, o gulima pad\u0117tis da\u017enai j\u012f didina. Sausainis ryte, prie\u0161 atsikeliant i\u0161 lovos, daugeliui gali pad\u0117ti nuslopinti pykinimo jausm\u0105. Poilsis po valgio irgi gali b\u016bti naudingas, nes judant vir\u0161kinimo procesai vyksta l\u0117\u010diau.<\/div>
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Taip pat patariama valgyti da\u017enai ir nedidel\u0117mis porcijomis, dar neprad\u0117jus justi alkio, valgymo metu gerti nedaug, l\u0117tai, ma\u017eais gurk\u0161neliais, valgyti \u0161altus arba kambario temperat\u016bros patiekalus, vilk\u0117ti laisvus, never\u017eian\u010dius drabu\u017eius. Jei chemoterapijos ar radioterapijos metu pykina, 1\u20132 val. prie\u0161 j\u0105 patariama nevalgyti.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Viduriavimas yra \u012fprasta problema gydymo laikotarpiu ir turi daugel\u012f prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173. Viduriavim\u0105 gali sukelti spindulinis, citostatinis gydymas, infekcijos (ypa\u010d \u017earn\u0173), antibiotik\u0173 vartojimas, jautrumas kai kuriems maisto produktams ir nepakankama mityba.<\/div>
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Viduriavimas skirstomas \u012f trumpalaik\u012f ir ilgalaik\u012f.<\/div>
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Trumpalaikis viduriavimas<\/b><\/i> da\u017enai atsiranda spinduliais gydant dubens srit\u012f ir pilv\u0105, nes kyla \u016bmi\u0173 \u017earnyno gleivin\u0117s pa\u017eeidim\u0173. D\u0117l gleivin\u0117s pa\u017eeidim\u0173 gali suma\u017e\u0117ti riebal\u0173 reabsorbcija, tod\u0117l nesuvir\u0161kinti riebalai patenka \u012f stor\u0105j\u0105 \u017earn\u0105 ir sukelia viduriavim\u0105. \u0160i problema i\u0161nyksta v\u0117liausiai po dviej\u0173 savai\u010di\u0173 po spindulinio gydymo pabaigos. Taip pat ir chemoterapija, ypa\u010d metotreksatu ir fluorouraciliu, pa\u017eeid\u017eia greitai besidalijan\u010dias l\u0105steles. Skrand\u017eio \u2013 \u017earnyno l\u0105stel\u0117s taip pat pa\u017eeid\u017eiamos, tod\u0117l pa\u017eeid\u017eiama ir gleivin\u0117, ypa\u010d plonosios \u017earnos. Tai kai kuriems sergantiesiems sukelia viduriavim\u0105.<\/div>
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Esant trumpalaikiam viduriavimui, rekomenduojama:<\/div>
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– Gerti pakankamai skys\u010di\u0173, valgyti skystus maisto produktus.<\/div>
– Maitintis da\u017enai ir nedidel\u0117mis porcijomis.<\/div>
– Valgyti maist\u0105, turint\u012f daug natrio ir kalio(natrio daug sultiniuose, sriubose, o kalio \u2013 bananuose, persikuose, abrikosuose ir bulv\u0117se).<\/div>
– Valgyti jogurt\u0105, var\u0161k\u0119, kietai virtus kiau\u0161inius, bulves, makaronus, balt\u0105 duon\u0105, gerai virtas ir nuluptas dar\u017eoves, lies\u0105 m\u0117s\u0105.<\/div>
– Vengti riebaus maisto, daug skaidul\u0173 turin\u010dio maisto, \u017eali\u0173 dar\u017eovi\u0173, kuriuose daug skaidul\u0173: kop\u016bst\u0173, brokoli\u0173, pupeli\u0173, taip pat nelupt\u0173 vaisi\u0173 ir vaisi\u0173, turin\u010di\u0173 daug s\u0117kl\u0173.<\/div>
– Riboti suvalgomo \u0161okolado, i\u0161geriamos kavos kiek\u012f. Jei viduriavimo periodas trumpas, jo metu rekomenduojama gerti tik skaidrius skys\u010dius (12 \u2013 14 val.).<\/div>
– Vengti maisto produkt\u0173, turin\u010di\u0173 laktoz\u0117s (\u0161vie\u017eio pieno).\u00a0<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Ilgalaikis viduriavimas<\/i><\/b> gali prasid\u0117ti d\u0117l seno \u017earnos pa\u017eeidimo po gydymo spinduliais ir rad\u017eiu. Toks viduriavimas prasideda pra\u0117jus \u0161e\u0161iems m\u0117nesiams ar net trejiems metams po gydymo pabaigos. Yra ry\u0161ys tarp bendros spinduli\u0173 doz\u0117s ir \u017earnos pa\u017eeidimo vystymosi. Esant ilgalaikiam viduriavimui, spindulinis gydymas yra suk\u0117l\u0119s negr\u012f\u017etamus \u017earnos sienel\u0117s pakitimus ir pa\u017eeid\u0119s kraujagysles. D\u0117l to kyla fibroz\u0117 ir motorikos sutrikimai, kurie savo ruo\u017etu sukelia nepakankam\u0105 absorbcij\u0105. Organizmas nesugeba pagaminti pakankamai tul\u017eies drusk\u0173, kad gal\u0117t\u0173 suvir\u0161kinti normal\u0173 riebal\u0173 kiek\u012f maiste. Nesuvir\u0161kinti riebalai patenka \u012f stor\u0105j\u0105 \u017earn\u0105 ir dar sustiprina viduriavim\u0105.<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Suma\u017einus riebal\u0173 kiek\u012f per dien\u0105, galima reik\u0161mingai suma\u017einti ar net panaikinti viduriavim\u0105 (rekomenduojamas suvartojam\u0173 riebal\u0173 kiekis ir produktai su nurodytais riebal\u0173 kiekiais juose, pateikta straipsnio pabaigoje). Vitamino D ir B12 tiekimas, kaip ir mineral\u0173 kalcio bei magnio tiekimas taip pat yra b\u016btinas. Spinduliniai pa\u017eeidimai, sukeliantys tok\u012f viduriavim\u0105, da\u017enai gali b\u016bti labai sunk\u016bs ir reikalauti gydymo ligonin\u0117je su intraveniniu skys\u010di\u0173 tiekimu, besiremian\u010diu tikslia kraujyje esan\u010di\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 analize.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tObstipacija \u2013 viduri\u0173 u\u017ekiet\u0117jimas\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Viduriai u\u017ekiet\u0117ja d\u0117l \u012fvairi\u0173 prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173. Be \u012fprast\u0173 prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173 \u2013 kaip pakitusio aktyvumo lygio d\u0117l suglebimo, ligos ar gydymo, pakitusio ar suma\u017e\u0117jusio maisto, skaidul\u0173 ar skys\u010di\u0173 gavimo \u2013 viduri\u0173 u\u017ekiet\u0117jim\u0105 da\u017enai sukelia nuskausminamieji medikamentai. Ir centrinio, ir periferinio poveikio analgetikai (skausm\u0105 slopinantis vaistas ar med\u017eiaga) turi anticholinergin\u012f (parasimpatolitin\u012f) efekt\u0105 ir tod\u0117l stabdo \u017earn\u0173 peristaltik\u0105. Kai kuri\u0173 tip\u0173 l\u0105steli\u0173 nuodai, pavyzd\u017eiui, vinkristinas, turi neurotoksin\u012f poveik\u012f, galint\u012f sukelti \u017earn\u0173 atonij\u0105 (audini\u0173 ir organ\u0173 tonuso nusilpimas) ir viduri\u0173 u\u017ekiet\u0117jim\u0105.<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Esant viduri\u0173 u\u017ekiet\u0117jimui, patariama gerti daug skys\u010di\u0173 (apie 2l per dien\u0105). 30 min. prie\u0161 tu\u0161tinantis (jei tai vyksta reguliariai) i\u0161gerti kar\u0161to g\u0117rimo, jei galima, padidinti skaidul\u0173 kiek\u012f maiste: valgyti rupaus malimo duon\u0105, javainius, \u0161vie\u017eius ir d\u017eiovintus vaisius bei dar\u017eoves.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLaktoz\u0117s netoleravimas\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Chemoterapija ir spindulinis gydymas gali sukelti \u012fvairaus laipsnio laktoz\u0117s (pieno cukraus) netoleravim\u0105, kuris pasirei\u0161kia pilvo p\u016btimu, skausmu ar viduriavimu. Esant tokiai b\u016bsenai, gaminama per ma\u017eai laktaz\u0117s, kuri skaldo laktoz\u0119. Kai laktoz\u0117 neskaidoma, ji sukelia osmosin\u012f efekt\u0105, d\u0117l kurio skystis patenka \u012f \u017earn\u0105 ir sukelia viduriavim\u0105. Kad gydymo metu b\u016bt\u0173 i\u0161vengta viduriavimo d\u0117l laktoz\u0117s netoleravimo, arba jis b\u016bt\u0173 suma\u017eintas, reikia pakeisti mityb\u0105.<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Mitybos pakeitimas duoda geriausi\u0105 efekt\u0105, jei jis pradedamas kartu su spinduliniu gydymu. \u017dmogus turi kiek \u012fmanoma suma\u017einti laktoz\u0117s kiek\u012f kiekvieno valgymo metu. Reikia vengti saldaus pieno ir r\u016bg\u0161\u010di\u0173 pieno produkt\u0173, pavyzd\u017eiui, grietin\u0117l\u0117s, var\u0161k\u0117s s\u016brio, var\u0161k\u0117s ir grietin\u0117s. Kaip pakaital\u0105 galima vartoti liesas pasukas, jogurt\u0105, kuriuose yra per pus\u0119 ma\u017eiau laktoz\u0117s nei sald\u017eiame piene. Riebal\u0173 kiekis maiste neturi b\u016bti per didelis. Pageidautina suma\u017einti per dien\u0105 suvartojam\u0173 riebal\u0173 kiek\u012f iki pus\u0117s normalios mitybos normos (normos nurodytos straipsnio pabaigoje).<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Sergan\u010diajam nereikia duoti riebi\u0173 m\u0117sos ar \u017euvies patiekal\u0173. Be to, maiste turi b\u016bti ma\u017eai skaidul\u0173. Maistas turi b\u016bti lengvai vir\u0161kinamas, virtas, tro\u0161kintas ar keptas orkait\u0117je. J\u012f reikia patiekti ma\u017eomis porcijomis. Turi b\u016bti galimyb\u0117 gerti daug skys\u010di\u0173, ta\u010diau nepatariama gerti valgymo metu, nes tai didina \u017earnyno kr\u016bv\u012f. Geriausia gerti ma\u017edaug valand\u0105 po valgio ir tarp maitinim\u0173si.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDant\u0173 ir danten\u0173 pa\u017eeidimai\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Gydymo metu d\u0117l \u012fvairi\u0173 faktori\u0173 (pavyzd\u017eiui, seili\u0173 kiekio suma\u017e\u0117jimo) pradeda grei\u010diau gesti dantys. Tod\u0117l reik\u0117t\u0173 reguliariai tikrinti dantis, valyti dantis po kiekvieno valgymo naudojant mink\u0161t\u0105 dant\u0173 \u0161epet\u0117l\u012f. Kai skauda, skalauti dantis ir dantenas \u0161iltu vandeniu. Suvalgius lipn\u0173 ir sald\u0173 maist\u0105 gerai i\u0161sivalyti dantis arba valgyti maisto produktus su cukraus pakaitalais, pavyzd\u017eiui, sorbitoliu (sorbitolis yra maisto priedas (indeksas E420), naudojamas kaip saldiklis ir dr\u0117kiklis, gali sukelti viduriavim\u0105).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tApetito nebuvimas\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173 gali b\u016bti daug: pati liga, gydymo pasekm\u0117, depresin\u0117 b\u016bkl\u0117. Dieta turi b\u016bti sudaryta i\u0161 t\u0173 produkt\u0173, kurie patinka. Reikia valgyti da\u017enai ir po truput\u012f, jei ir nejau\u010diamas alkis. Maist\u0105 patariama kramtyti l\u0117tai, kad skrandis negreitai prisipildyt\u0173. Pirmiausia suvalgomas kietas maistas, po to ma\u017eais gurk\u0161neliais geriami skys\u010diai.<\/div>
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Patys kukliausi patiekalai tampa pikanti\u0161kais, teisingai ir saikingai vartojant prieskonius. Petra\u017eol\u0117s, krapai, kalendra, kmynai, paprika, imbieras, m\u0117tos, salierai, muskato rie\u0161utas skatina skrand\u017eio sul\u010di\u0173 i\u0161siskyrim\u0105. Apetit\u0105 skatina pipirai, garsty\u010dios, \u010desnakas, vynuogi\u0173 arba obuoli\u0173 actas, marinuotos ir raugintos dar\u017eov\u0117s, taip pat ber\u017eo kerp\u0117s, pelyno, raudon\u0117lio u\u017epilai. Galite puo\u0161ti patiekalus apelsino, pomidor\u0173 skiltel\u0117mis, salot\u0173, kop\u016bst\u0173 lapais, ridikais, petra\u017eoli\u0173, krap\u0173 \u0161akel\u0117mis.<\/div>
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Taip pat patariama:<\/div>
– laikyti u\u017ekand\u017eius \u0161alia, kad jie b\u016bt\u0173 lengvai pasiekiami,<\/div>
– gerti skys\u010di\u0173,<\/div>
– valgyti ryte ir prie\u0161 mieg\u0105,<\/div>
– keisti maisto form\u0105, pvz.: vaisi\u0173 kokteilis vietoj kieto vaisiaus,<\/div>
– valgyti daugiau, kai apetitas atsiranda,<\/div>
– valgyti \u0161alt\u0105 ir \u0161aldyt\u0105 maist\u0105,<\/div>
– nedidelis fizinis kr\u016bvis stimuliuoja apetit\u0105.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tSvorio poky\u010diai\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Gydymo eigoje svoris gali padid\u0117ti ir suma\u017e\u0117ti. Tai da\u017enai priklauso nuo vartojam\u0173 medikament\u0173, gydymo ir nuo paties sergan\u010diojo b\u016bkl\u0117s. Jei pastebimas ry\u0161kus svorio netekimas, reik\u0117t\u0173 didinti suvalgom\u0173 kalorij\u0173 ir baltym\u0173 kiek\u012f. Pirmenyb\u0117 teikiama pieno produktams, \u0161vie\u017eiems vaisiams ir dar\u017eov\u0117ms, liesai m\u0117sai. I\u0161 riebal\u0173 geriausiai tinka augalinis aliejus. Tinka \u012fvair\u016bs rie\u0161utai. Nuostabus kalorij\u0173 \u0161altinis – medus. Be to, meduje labai daug lengvai \u012fsisavinam\u0173 angliavandeni\u0173, vitamin\u0173, aminor\u016bg\u0161\u010di\u0173, mikroelement\u0173 ir ferment\u0173. Labai svarbu ir tai, kad medus ma\u017eina intoksikacijos po\u017eymius, kuriuos gali sukelti \u0161vitinimas, chemoterapija. Medaus paros doz\u0117 – ne daugiau 1 \u2013 2 arbatiniai \u0161auk\u0161teliai. Arbat\u0105, kav\u0105, vanden\u012f reikia pakeisti sultimis, pieno kokteiliais, pienu, r\u016bgpieniu, kefyru.<\/div>
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Svoris did\u0117ti gali nuo skys\u010dio susikaupimo organizme, tokiu atveju, baigus gydym\u0105, svoris tampa normalus. Ta\u010diau jeigu svoris did\u0117ja d\u0117l didesnio kalorij\u0173 suvartojimo, rekomenduojama keisti mityb\u0105:<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
– valgyti daugiau vaisi\u0173 ir dar\u017eovi\u0173,<\/div>
– rinktis lies\u0105 m\u0117s\u0105,<\/div>
– vengti saldumyn\u0173,<\/div>
– neu\u017ekand\u017eiauti tarp valgym\u0173,<\/div>
– maist\u0105 virti arba tro\u0161kinti,<\/div>
– pagal galimybes didinti fizin\u012f kr\u016bv\u012f.<\/div>
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Rekomenduojama suvartojam\u0173 riebal\u0173 norma vaikams:<\/b><\/i><\/div>
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1 \u2013 6 m\u0117n.: k\u016bno svoris (kg) x 2,4,<\/div>
6 \u2013 12 m\u0117n.: k\u016bno svoris (kg) x 2,1,<\/div>
1 \u2013 3 m. 45 – 53 gramai,<\/div>
4 \u2013 6 m. 55 \u2013 68 gramai,<\/div>
7 \u2013 10 m. 65 – 79 gramai,<\/div>
11 \u2013 14 m. mergait\u0117ms 70 \u2013 85 gram\u0173, berniukams 75 – 93 gramai,<\/div>
15 \u2013 18 m. mergait\u0117ms 80 \u2013 90 gram\u0173, berniukams 95 \u2013 100 gram\u0173. \u00a0<\/div>
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100 gram\u0173 maisto produkt\u0173 kaloringumas ir sud\u0117tis<\/i><\/b><\/div>
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Produktai
<\/b><\/td>		Kaloringumas
<\/b>
kcal
<\/b><\/div><\/td>
Baltym\u0173 %
<\/b><\/td>		Riebal\u0173 %
<\/b><\/td>		Angliavandeni\u0173 %
<\/b><\/td><\/tr>
Juoda duona<\/td>215<\/td>\u00a09,2<\/td>1,0<\/td>45,0<\/td><\/tr>
Batonas<\/td>235<\/td>\u00a07,9<\/td>1,0<\/td>51,9<\/td><\/tr>
Mie\u017ein\u0117s kruopos<\/td>322<\/td>10,4<\/td>1,3<\/td>71,7<\/td><\/tr>
Griki\u0173 kruopos<\/td>329<\/td>12,6<\/td>2,6<\/td>68,0<\/td><\/tr>
Man\u0173 kruopos<\/td>326<\/td>11,3<\/td>0,7<\/td>73,3<\/td><\/tr>
Makaronai<\/td>332<\/td>10,4<\/td>0,9<\/td>75,2<\/td><\/tr>
Bulv\u0117s<\/td>83<\/td>2,0<\/td>0,1<\/td>19,7<\/td><\/tr>
Morkos<\/td>33<\/td>1,3<\/td>0,1<\/td>7,0<\/td><\/tr>
Kop\u016bstai<\/td>28<\/td>2,8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>5,4<\/td><\/tr>
Burok\u0117liai<\/td>48<\/td>1,7<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>10,8<\/td><\/tr>
Agurkai<\/td>15<\/td>0,8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>3,0<\/td><\/tr>
Obuoliai<\/td>46<\/td>0,4<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>11,3<\/td><\/tr>
Kriau\u0161\u0117s<\/td>42<\/td>0,4<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>10,7<\/td><\/tr>
Slyvos<\/td>43<\/td>0,8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>9,9<\/td><\/tr>
Vy\u0161nios<\/td>49<\/td>0,8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>11,3<\/td><\/tr>
Juodieji serbentai<\/td>49<\/td>1,0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>8,0<\/td><\/tr>
Bra\u0161k\u0117s<\/td>41<\/td>1,8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>8,1<\/td><\/tr>
M\u0117lyn\u0117s<\/td>37<\/td>1,0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>7,7<\/td><\/tr>
Agrastai<\/td>44<\/td>0,7<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>9,9<\/td><\/tr>
Aviet\u0117s<\/td>41<\/td>0,8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>9,0<\/td><\/tr>
2,5 % riebumo pienas<\/td>51<\/td>2,8<\/td>2,5<\/td>4,7<\/td><\/tr>
2,5 % riebumo kefyras<\/td>49<\/td>2,8<\/td>2,5<\/td>4,1<\/td><\/tr>
30 % grietin\u0117<\/td>293<\/td>2,6<\/td>30,0<\/td>2,8<\/td><\/tr>
9 % var\u0161k\u0117<\/td>156<\/td>16,7<\/td>9,0<\/td>1,3<\/td><\/tr>
Olandi\u0161kas s\u016bris<\/td>372<\/td>23,5<\/td>30,9<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Sviestas<\/td>709<\/td>1,0<\/td>78,0<\/td>0,7<\/td><\/tr>
Margarinas<\/td>746<\/td>0,3<\/td>82,3<\/td>1,0<\/td><\/tr>
Saul\u0117gr\u0105\u017e\u0173 aliejus<\/td>899<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>99,9<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Liesa kiauliena<\/td>355<\/td>14,6<\/td>33,0<\/td>0,6<\/td><\/tr>
Daktari\u0161ka de\u0161ra<\/td>260<\/td>13,7<\/td>22,8<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Pieni\u0161kos de\u0161rel\u0117s<\/td>277<\/td>12,3<\/td>25,3<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Karpis<\/td>96<\/td>16,0<\/td>3,6<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
Lydeka<\/td>82<\/td>18,8<\/td>0,7<\/td>\u00a0<\/td><\/tr>
\u0160protai<\/td>364<\/td>17,4<\/td>32,4<\/td>0,4<\/td><\/tr>
Cukrus<\/td>374<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>99,8<\/td><\/tr>
Kakava<\/td>308<\/td>13,5<\/td>54,0<\/td>15,6<\/td><\/tr>
\u0160okoladas<\/td>540<\/td>5,4<\/td>35,3<\/td>52,6<\/td><\/tr>
Chalva<\/td>516<\/td>11,6<\/td>29,7<\/td>54,0<\/td><\/tr>
Ledai<\/td>178<\/td>3,3<\/td>10,0<\/td>19,8<\/td><\/tr>
Medus<\/td>300<\/td>0,3<\/td>\u00a0<\/td>80,0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNaudota literat\u016bra\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
1. A.Vingras, A. Vingrien\u0117 \u201eVaiko maitinimas\u201c. Vilnius, 1991.<\/div>
2. Hallbjorg Almas \u201eKlinikin\u0117 slauga\u201c (1 dalis). Vilnius, 1999.<\/div>
3. Trumpoji medicinos enciklopedija. Vilnius, 2005.<\/div>
4. Mityba, sergant onkologine liga<\/a><\/div>
5. M. Sadevi\u010d \u201eSergan\u010di\u0173j\u0173 onkologin\u0117mis ligomis mityba\u201c (\u201eSveikas \u017emogus\u201c 1998m. Nr. 7).<\/div>
6. Maisto med\u017eiag\u0173 normos vaikams<\/a>\u00a0<\/div>
7. Saulius Cic\u0117nas, Danut\u0117 Kalibatien\u0117 \u201eOnkologija ir slauga\u201c. Vilnius, 2008.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bendra informacija Mityba II Para\u0161\u0117 Giedr\u0117 Jaglauskait\u0117 Komplikacijos, sukeltos gydymo ar ligos, ir b\u016bdai jas suma\u017einti, panaikinti. Mityba Sergantieji onkologin\u0117mis ligomis da\u017enai susiduria su gydymo ar pa\u010dios ligos sukeltomis komplikacijomis, turin\u010diomis \u012ftakos mitybai  \u2013 apetito nebuvimu,\u2013 svorio poky\u010diais,\u2013 burnos gleivin\u0117s pa\u017eeidimais,\u2013 sausumu burnoje,\u2013 dant\u0173 ir danten\u0173 pa\u017eeidimais,\u2013 uosl\u0117s ir skonio jutimo poky\u010diais,\u2013 pykinimu ir v\u0117mimu,\u2013 viduriavimu,\u2013 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3734,"menu_order":11,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3819","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nMityba II - Labdaros ir paramos fondas \u201eRugut\u0117\u201c<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Sergantieji onkologin\u0117mis ligomis da\u017enai susiduria su gydymo ar pa\u010dios ligos sukeltomis komplikacijomis, turin\u010diomis \u012ftakos mitybai (Giedr\u0117 Jaglauskait\u0117)\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rugute.lt\/en\/informacija\/bendra-informacija\/mityba-2\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Mityba II - 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