{"id":3811,"date":"2020-04-14T14:57:25","date_gmt":"2020-04-14T11:57:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rugute.lt\/?page_id=3811"},"modified":"2022-01-12T11:05:42","modified_gmt":"2022-01-12T09:05:42","slug":"mityba","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rugute.lt\/en\/informacija\/bendra-informacija\/mityba\/","title":{"rendered":"Mityba I"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Bendra informacija <\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Mityba I<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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V\u0117\u017eiu sergan\u010di\u0173 vaik\u0173 valgymo \u012fpro\u010diai pasikei\u010dia. T\u0117vai tur\u0117t\u0173 \u017einoti, kad tam tikr\u0173 maisto produkt\u0173 naudojimas pad\u0117s vaikui grei\u010diau sveikti, geriau jaustis ir toliau augti. Be to, pats v\u0117\u017eio gydymas didina subalansuotos mitybos poreik\u012f. Vaiko organizmas sunkiai \u201edirba\u201c, kad atstatyt\u0173 chemoterapijos sukelt\u0105 \u017eal\u0105 sveikoms l\u0105stel\u0117ms ir atsikratyt\u0173 gydymo paveikt\u0173 navikini\u0173 l\u0105steli\u0173.<\/div>
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Nors t\u0117vai \u017eino, kad vaikui reikalingas maistingas valgis, realyb\u0117 yra tokia, kad sergantis vaikas da\u017enai nenori valgyti. Anoreksija, arba apetito nebuvimas, viena i\u0161 da\u017eniausi\u0173 problem\u0173, su kuria susiduriama. Suprantama, kad vaikai, ken\u010diantys nuo pykinimo, v\u0117mimo, skausming\u0173 \u017eaizdeli\u0173 burnos gleivin\u0117je, viduriavimo ar viduri\u0173 u\u017ekiet\u0117jimo, pasikeitusio jautrumo skoniui ir kvapams, nesijau\u010dia alkani. Jei vaikas netenka daugiau kaip 10-15 % k\u016bno mas\u0117s, jam gali tekti skirti maist\u0105 \u012f ven\u0105 ar per nos\u012f \u012f skrand\u012f \u012fvest\u0105 vamzdel\u012f.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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Kai vaikui skiriamos didel\u0117s steroidini\u0173 hormon\u0173 (prednizolono, deksametazono) doz\u0117s, labai padid\u0117ja apetitas. Jis vis\u0105 laik\u0105 jau\u010diasi alkanas, nuolat galvoja apie maist\u0105 ir net kelia nakt\u012f t\u0117vus, kad \u0161ie pamaitint\u0173. Atsiranda klasikiniai vartojan\u010di\u0173 steroidus bruo\u017eai \u2013 \u201em\u0117nulio\u201c veidas su putliais \u017eandais, atsiki\u0161\u0119s pilvas. Nema\u017e\u0105 dal\u012f priaugto svorio sudaro skys\u010diai, kurie, vartojant \u0161iuos vaistus, sulaikomi organizme. Svarbu riboti maist\u0105, kuriame daug druskos, nes ji prisideda prie skys\u010di\u0173 susilaikymo ir kraujosp\u016bd\u017eio padid\u0117jimo. T\u0117vams reikt\u0173 \u017einoti, kad baigus gydym\u0105 steroidais, skys\u010di\u0173 perteklius i\u0161siskirs ir svoris nukris, o apetitas taps net per ma\u017eas.<\/div>
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Neribokite vaiko dietomis, kol jis vartoja steroidinius hormonus. Geriau i\u0161naudokite \u0161\u012f trump\u0105 gero apetito laikotarp\u012f, maitindami naudingais produktais. Tai pad\u0117s jam v\u0117liau atlaikyti gydym\u0105. Jei svorio augimas jums kelia nerim\u0105, pasitarkite su gydytoju. Kartais, kai susilaiko didelis skys\u010di\u0173 kiekis, reikalingi j\u0173 pasi\u0161alinim\u0105 skatinantys vaistai (diuretikai).<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Laktoz\u0117s netoleravimas, tai organizmo nesugeb\u0117jimas \u012fsisavinti angliavandenio (laktoz\u0117s), esan\u010dio piene ir kituose pieno produktuose. Kai kuriems asmenims \u0161is rei\u0161kinys atsiranda vartojant antibiotikus ir chemoterapinius vaistus. Dalis vaiko \u017earnyno, dalyvaujan\u010dio laktoz\u0117s vir\u0161kinime, nustoja tinkamai funkcionuoti, tod\u0117l atsiranda duj\u0173 susilaikymas, pilvo p\u016btimas, skausmas, viduriavimas. Tokiais atvejais reikia maitintis ma\u017eai laktoz\u0117s turin\u010diais produktais ir alternatyviais baltym\u0173 \u0161altiniais.<\/div>
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\u0160tai keletas patarim\u0173:<\/div>
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– kai kuriems vaikams pieno produkt\u0173 \u012fsisavinimas pager\u0117ja kartu vartojant vir\u0161kinimo fermentus. Vartokite juos pasitar\u0119 su gydytoju;<\/div>
– keiskite pien\u0105 s\u016briu, liesu jogurtu, grietine, pasukomis, soj\u0173 pienu;<\/div>
– naudokite tik pasterizuotus produktus;<\/div>
– atsiminkite, kad pienas \u012feina \u012f daugelio maisto produkt\u0173 sud\u0117t\u012f, net duonos. Atid\u017eiai skaitykite sudedam\u0173j\u0173 dali\u0173 s\u0105ra\u0161\u0105;<\/div>
– jei vaikas visi\u0161kai netoleruoja pieno produkt\u0173, kalcio atsargoms papildyti, duokite la\u0161i\u0161os, kupr\u0117s, sardini\u0173, kalciu praturtint\u0173 vaisi\u0173 sul\u010di\u0173.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Viena i\u0161 prie\u017eas\u010di\u0173, kod\u0117l vaikas gydydamasis blogai valgo yra ta, kad jam maistas neskanus arba beskonis. Jei maistas beskonis, pabandykite duoti gausiai prieskoniais pagardinto (itali\u0161ko, meksikieti\u0161ko) maisto. Jei vaikas jau\u010dia kartum\u0105 ar metalo skon\u012f, vietoj metalini\u0173, naudokite plastmasinius \u012frankius, indus. Raudon\u0105 m\u0117s\u0105 pakeiskite vi\u0161tiena ar kalakutiena. Normalus maisto skonis kai kuriems vaikams gr\u012f\u017eta dar besigydant, kitiems \u2013 baigus gydym\u0105, dar kitiems \u2013 tik po keli\u0173 met\u0173.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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Gera dieta yra ta, kuri u\u017etikrina pakankam\u0105 kalorij\u0173 kiek\u012f ir normal\u0173 augim\u0105, pagerina organizmo pastangas atstatant pa\u017eeistas normalias l\u0105steles ir teikia energij\u0105, reikaling\u0105 chemoterapiniams vaistams \u012fsisavinti ir i\u0161skirti.<\/div>
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Tyrimai parod\u0117, kad tinkamai besimaitinantis organizmas:<\/div>
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– geriau toleruoja gydym\u0105,<\/div>
– sulaukia ma\u017eiau nepageidaujam\u0173 reakcij\u0173,<\/div>
– i\u0161laiko svor\u012f,<\/div>
– grei\u010diau pasveiksta.<\/div>
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Blogai maitinantis netenkama riebalinio sluoksnio, suma\u017e\u0117ja raumen\u0173 mas\u0117, o tai sukelia:<\/div>
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– silpnum\u0105, svorio ma\u017e\u0117jim\u0105, energijos stok\u0105;<\/div>
– pablog\u0117jus\u012f maisto \u012fsisavinim\u0105;<\/div>
– ribotas galimybes sveikti ir kovoti su infekcija.<\/div>
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Vaikui reikalingi maisto produktai i\u0161 vis\u0173 penki\u0173 pagrindini\u0173 grupi\u0173. \u0160ios grup\u0117s yra tokios: duona bei gr\u016bdai, vaisiai, dar\u017eov\u0117s, pieno produktai ir m\u0117sa. M\u0117soje daug baltym\u0173, kurie yra tarsi organizmo \u201estatybin\u0117 med\u017eiaga\u201c, teikia energij\u0105, naudojami gaminant fermentus, hormonus ir antik\u016bnus. Pieno produktai apr\u016bpina kalciu, vitaminu D ir baltymais. Duona ir gr\u016bdai tiekia vitaminus, mineralines ir skaidulines med\u017eiagas, angliavandenius. Vaisiai ir dar\u017eov\u0117s – gausus vitamin\u0173, mineralini\u0173 ir skaidulini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 \u0161altinis.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
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Kai kuriose \u0161eimose valgymo metas tampa m\u016b\u0161io lauku, kuriame susir\u016bpin\u0119 t\u0117vai griebiasi g\u0105sdinim\u0173 ir papirkin\u0117jim\u0173, kad tik priverst\u0173 vaik\u0105 valgyti. Po toki\u0173 scen\u0173 t\u0117vai, sergantis vaikas, jo broliai ir seserys jau\u010diasi i\u0161sek\u0119, o maistas taip ir lieka nepaliestas. To jums tur\u0117t\u0173 pad\u0117ti i\u0161vengti kit\u0173 t\u0117v\u0173 patarimai.<\/div>
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Kaip paversti valgym\u0105 mielesniu:<\/b><\/div>
– duokite maist\u0105 ma\u017eomis porcijomis daugiau kart\u0173 per dien\u0105;<\/div>
– atsiminkite, kad j\u016bs\u0173 vaikas geriausiai \u017eino, kok\u012f maist\u0105 jis toleruoja;<\/div>
– paai\u0161kinkite vaikui subalansuoto maitinimosi naud\u0105;<\/div>
– pagrindin\u012f patiekal\u0105, kuriame daugiausia baltym\u0173 ir kalorij\u0173, duokite tuo paros metu, kai vaikas geriausiai jau\u010diasi;<\/div>
– pagirkite vaik\u0105, kai jis gerai valgo, ta\u010diau nebauskite jo, jei nevalgo;<\/div>
– parodykite pavyzd\u012f, valgydami t\u0105 pat\u012f, k\u0105 ir jis;<\/div>
– kai tik vaikas u\u017esinori, u\u017ekand\u017eiaukite;<\/div>
– duokite gerti skys\u010dius tarp maitinim\u0173si, o ne j\u0173 metu, kad be reikalo neu\u017epildyt\u0173 skrand\u017eio;<\/div>
– nelaikykite namie nepageidaujamo maisto: saldumyn\u0173, bulvi\u0173 tra\u0161ku\u010di\u0173, gazuot\u0173 g\u0117rim\u0173;<\/div>
– leiskite vaikui dalyvauti sudarant produkt\u0173 s\u0105ra\u0161\u0105, perkant ir gaminant maist\u0105.<\/div>
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Kaip valgyti linksmiau:<\/b><\/div>
– valgydami u\u017emegzkite malon\u0173 pokalb\u012f, pajuokaukite, galb\u016bt u\u017edekite \u017evaki\u0173;<\/div>
– vien\u0105 vakar\u0105 per savait\u0119 valgykite restorane, leiskite vaikui pa\u010diam i\u0161sirinkti, k\u0105 u\u017esisakyti;<\/div>
– kadangi bet koks \u012fdomus pasikeitimas gali paskatinti valgym\u0105, galite surengti piknik\u0105 ant pievel\u0117s lauke ar tiesiog ant grind\u0173;<\/div>
– maist\u0105 gra\u017eiai ir \u012fdomiai patiekite, pavyzd\u017eiui, sud\u0117liokite i\u0161 dar\u017eovi\u0173 veidel\u012f.<\/div>
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Kaip patiekti daugiau baltym\u0173<\/b><\/div>
Kadangi daugelis vaik\u0173 chemoterapijos metu netoleruoja m\u0117sos, jums pad\u0117s keletas patarim\u0173, kaip padidinti baltym\u0173 kiek\u012f maisto racione:<\/div>
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– \u012fd\u0117kite puodel\u012f pieno milteli\u0173 \u012f litr\u0105 nenugriebto pa\u0161ildyto pieno, visk\u0105 i\u0161mai\u0161ykite ir atv\u0117sinkite. Duokite \u0161io mi\u0161inio vaikui gerti, naudokite j\u012f valgio gaminimui;<\/div>
– gaminant ko\u0161\u0119, sriub\u0105, kakav\u0105, pada\u017e\u0105, sald\u0173 krem\u0105, puding\u0105, naudokite nenugriebt\u0105 ar sutir\u0161tint\u0105 pien\u0105, grietin\u0119;<\/div>
– \u012fd\u0117kite pieno milteli\u0173 \u012f tro\u0161kinius, kepinius, pada\u017eus, pudingus;<\/div>
– \u012fd\u0117kite smulkintos m\u0117sos \u012f plakt\u0105 kiau\u0161inien\u0119, sriub\u0105, salotas;<\/div>
– \u012fd\u0117kite smulkinto kietai virto kiau\u0161inio \u012f sriubas, salotas, pada\u017eus, tro\u0161kinius;<\/div>
– d\u0117kite tarkuoto s\u016brio \u012f salotas, pada\u017eus, omlet\u0105, kepsnius, tro\u0161kinius, bulvi\u0173 ko\u0161\u0119;<\/div>
– sutepkite sumu\u0161tini\u0173 su rie\u0161ut\u0173 sviestu;<\/div>
– duokite u\u017ekand\u017eiams rie\u0161ut\u0173, \u012fd\u0117kite smulkint\u0173 rie\u0161ut\u0173 \u012f salotas ir sriubas;<\/div>
– gamindami sriubas, pada\u017eus, tro\u0161kinius, naudokite d\u017eiovintas pupas, \u017eirnius, kvie\u010di\u0173 daigus.<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Kaip padidinti kalorij\u0173 kiek\u012f maiste<\/b><\/div>
Maitindami vaik\u0105 chemoterapijos metu, t\u0117vai turi pakeisti savo suvokim\u0105 apie sveik\u0105 mityb\u0105. Anks\u010diau jie buvo \u012fprat\u0119 gaminti naudodami kuo ma\u017eiau riebal\u0173.<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Dabar reikia daryti visk\u0105, kad tik padidinti kalorij\u0173 kiek\u012f:<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
– \u012fd\u0117kite sviesto ar margarino \u012f ko\u0161\u0119, makaronus, ry\u017eius, virtas dar\u017eoves, keptas bulves, sriubas. Naudokite j\u012f \u0161ildydami maist\u0105;<\/div>
– kur tinka, naudokite lydyt\u0105 sviest\u0105 kaip pada\u017e\u0105, d\u0117kite grietin\u0119;<\/div>
– valgant salotas, virtus kiau\u0161inius, duokite majonezo;<\/div>
– vietoj lieso pieno, duokite vaikui gerti nenugriebt\u0105;<\/div>
– pusry\u010diams patiekite sumu\u0161tini\u0173 su skrudinta \u0161ilta duona, nes ji sugeria daugiau sviesto;<\/div>
– desertui duokite kar\u0161to \u0161okolado.<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Maistingi u\u017ekand\u017eiai<\/b><\/i><\/div>
Eidami i\u0161 nam\u0173, \u012fpraskite visuomet su savimi ne\u0161tis maisting\u0173 u\u017ekand\u017ei\u0173. \u0160iam s\u0105ra\u0161ui priklauso obuoliai, apelsinai, k\u016bdiki\u0173 maistelis, ko\u0161\u0117, s\u016bris, \u0161okoladinis pienas, saldus kremas, d\u017eiovinti ar \u0161vie\u017ei vaisiai, kietai virti kiau\u0161iniai, ledai, 100 % sultys, pieno kokteiliai, bandel\u0117s, rie\u0161utai, sumu\u0161tiniai, jogurtas.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tMaitinimas per zond\u0105 ar intraveniniu b\u016bdu\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t
\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t
Kai kuriems vaikams, sergantiems v\u0117\u017eiu, b\u016btinas intraveninis ar zondinis maitinimas. Kadangi \u0161i proced\u016bra da\u017enai reikalauja hospitalizacijos, svarbu, kad t\u0117vai suprast\u0173 jos naud\u0105. Ma\u017e\u0117jant apetitui ir svoriui, suma\u017e\u0117ja organizmo paj\u0117gumas atstatyti gydymo sukeltus sveik\u0173 l\u0105steli\u0173 pa\u017eeidimus. Vaikas silpsta, blog\u0117ja jo atsparumas infekcijoms. Didelis bendras silpnumas ir infekcij\u0173 pasirei\u0161kimas, gali tapti gydymo pertraukimo prie\u017eastimi. Intraveninis ar zondinis maitinimas reikalingi, kai netenkama daugiau kaip 10 % k\u016bno mas\u0117s.<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Intraveninis, arba parenterinis, maitinimas<\/b><\/div>
B\u016bkl\u0117s, kuomet reikalingas parenterinis maitinimas:<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
– skausmingos burnos ir rykl\u0117s opos, trukdan\u010dios ryti;<\/div>
– stiprus pykinimas, v\u0117mimas, viduriavimas;<\/div>
– negal\u0117jimas normaliai kramtyti ar ryti;<\/div>
– daugiau kaip 10 % k\u016bno mas\u0117s netekimas.<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Intraveninis maitinimas u\u017etikrina, kad vaikas gaus jam reikaling\u0105 baltym\u0173, angliavandeni\u0173, riebal\u0173, vitamin\u0173 ir mineralini\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 kiek\u012f. Visos \u0161ios med\u017eiagos la\u0161inamos per centrin\u0117s venos kateter\u012f, ta\u010diau vaikas gali ir pats papildomai valgyti bei gerti.<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div>
Maitinimas per zond\u0105, arba enterinis, maitinimas<\/b><\/div>
Enterinis maitinimas rekomenduojamas, kai vaikui reikalingas papildomas maitinimas, o jo \u017earnynas funkcionuoja gerai. Jis turi daugiau privalum\u0173 lyginant su parenteriniu. Maisto med\u017eiagos tiekiamos per vamzdeli, \u012fvest\u0105 \u012f skrand\u012f per nos\u012f arba chirurginiu b\u016bdu per pilvo sien\u0105.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bendra informacija Mityba I V\u0117\u017eiu sergan\u010di\u0173 vaik\u0173 valgymo \u012fpro\u010diai pasikei\u010dia. T\u0117vai tur\u0117t\u0173 \u017einoti, kad tam tikr\u0173 maisto produkt\u0173 naudojimas pad\u0117s vaikui grei\u010diau sveikti, geriau jaustis ir toliau augti. Be to, pats v\u0117\u017eio gydymas didina subalansuotos mitybos poreik\u012f. Vaiko organizmas sunkiai \u201edirba\u201c, kad atstatyt\u0173 chemoterapijos sukelt\u0105 \u017eal\u0105 sveikoms l\u0105stel\u0117ms ir atsikratyt\u0173 gydymo paveikt\u0173 navikini\u0173 l\u0105steli\u0173. Apetito […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3734,"menu_order":10,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3811","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nMityba I - Labdaros ir paramos fondas \u201eRugut\u0117\u201c<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"V\u0117\u017eiu sergan\u010di\u0173 vaik\u0173 valgymo \u012fpro\u010diai pasikei\u010dia. 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