{"id":3802,"date":"2020-04-14T14:36:31","date_gmt":"2020-04-14T11:36:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rugute.lt\/?page_id=3802"},"modified":"2022-01-12T11:02:40","modified_gmt":"2022-01-12T09:02:40","slug":"kateteriai","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/rugute.lt\/en\/informacija\/bendra-informacija\/kateteriai\/","title":{"rendered":"Veniniai kateteriai"},"content":{"rendered":"<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"3802\" class=\"elementor elementor-3802\" data-elementor-settings=\"{&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_width_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_padding_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_tablet&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true},&quot;element_pack_global_tooltip_border_radius_mobile&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;top&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;right&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;bottom&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;left&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;isLinked&quot;:true}}\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-4a2bdad4 elementor-section-content-middle elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"4a2bdad4\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-no\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-585e0066\" data-id=\"585e0066\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2ed863fa elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"2ed863fa\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h6 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Bendra informacija <\/h6>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1101ff6d elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"1101ff6d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Veniniai kateteriai<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-b7f30ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"b7f30ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Daugeliui v\u0117\u017eiu sergan\u010di\u0173 vaik\u0173 reikalingas intensyvus gydymas, \u012fskaitant chemoterapij\u0105, intravenini\u0173 (IV) skys\u010di\u0173, antibiotik\u0173 skyrim\u0105, kraujo ir trombocit\u0173 perpylim\u0105, da\u017enus kraujo tyrimus ir, kartais, IV maitinim\u0105.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-17f1fd3e\" data-id=\"17f1fd3e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ecf81d0 elementor-widget elementor-widget-bdt-accordion\" data-id=\"ecf81d0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"bdt-accordion.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-container\">\n\t\t\t<div id=\"bdt-ep-accordion-ecf81d0\" class=\"bdt-ep-accordion bdt-accordion\" data-bdt-accordion=\"{&quot;collapsible&quot;:true,&quot;multiple&quot;:false,&quot;animation&quot;:true,&quot;transition&quot;:&quot;ease-in-out&quot;,&quot;duration&quot;:200}\" \t\tdata-settings=\"{&quot;id&quot;:&quot;bdt-ep-accordion-ecf81d0&quot;,&quot;activeHash&quot;:&quot;no&quot;,&quot;activeScrollspy&quot;:null,&quot;hashTopOffset&quot;:false,&quot;hashScrollspyTime&quot;:false,&quot;closeAllItemsOnMobile&quot;:false}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"bdt-ep-accordion-title bdt-accordion-title bdt-flex bdt-flex-middle\" id=\"bdt-ep-accordion-veniniai-kateteriai\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-accordion-index=\"0\" data-title=\"veniniai-kateteriai\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon bdt-flex-align-left\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon-closed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-fw fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon-opened\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-fw fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span role=\"heading\" class=\"bdt-ep-title-text bdt-flex-inline bdt-flex-middle\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tVeniniai kateteriai\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-content bdt-accordion-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div align=\"justify\">Venini\u0173 kateteri\u0173 panaudojimas, \u012fvedant juos \u012f did\u017ei\u0105sias venas, pasitvirtino kaip labai veiksmingas intensyviosios terapijos metodas. Naudojant veninius kateterius, i\u0161vengiama daugkartinio ven\u0173 ie\u0161kojimo bei badymo. Kateterio pagalba vaistai patenka tiesiai \u012f centrin\u0119 kraujotak\u0105, kur greitai i\u0161tirpsta ir pasiskirsto organizme.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\">Vaikams da\u017eniausiai naudojami trij\u0173 r\u016b\u0161i\u0173 kateteriai \u2013 i\u0161oriniai, poodiniai ir periferi\u0161kai \u012fvesti centriniai kateteriai.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"bdt-ep-accordion-title bdt-accordion-title bdt-flex bdt-flex-middle\" id=\"bdt-ep-accordion-iorinis-kateteris\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-accordion-index=\"1\" data-title=\"i-orinis-kateteris\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon bdt-flex-align-left\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon-closed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-fw fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon-opened\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-fw fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span role=\"heading\" class=\"bdt-ep-title-text bdt-flex-inline bdt-flex-middle\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tI\u0161orinis kateteris\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-content bdt-accordion-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div align=\"justify\">I\u0161orinis kateteris yra ilgas, lankstus vamzdelis, kurio vienas galas \u012fvedamas \u012f de\u0161in\u012fj\u012f prie\u0161ird\u012f, o kitas galas lieka kr\u016btin\u0117s l\u0105stos i\u0161or\u0117je. Vamzdelis driekiasi po kr\u016btin\u0117s oda ir netoli raktikaulio patenka \u012f vien\u0105 i\u0161 did\u017ei\u0173j\u0173 kaklo ven\u0173, kurios spind\u017eiu pasiekia \u0161ird\u012f. Kadangi chemoterapiniai vaistai, kraujo komponentai ir IV skys\u010diai leid\u017eiami \u012f k\u016bno i\u0161or\u0117je esant\u012f vamzdelio gal\u0105, vaikas nejau\u010dia skausmo. Kraujo m\u0117ginius klinikiniam kraujo tyrimui (KKT) ar biocheminiams tyrimams taip pat galima paimti per kateter\u012f. Kasdien pri\u017ei\u016brint, i\u0161orin\u012f kateter\u012f galima palikti toje pa\u010dioje vietoje gana ilg\u0105 laik\u0105.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\">I\u0161oriniai kateteriai \u012fvedami taikant bendr\u0105j\u0105 nejautr\u0105. Kai vaikas u\u017emigdomas, chirurgas padaro du ma\u017eus pj\u016bvius: vien\u0105 \u2013 arti raktikaulio, vir\u0161 ta\u0161ko, kur kateteris pateks \u012f ven\u0105, o kit\u0105 \u2013 kr\u016btin\u0117s l\u0105stos srityje, kur kateteris i\u0161eis i\u0161 k\u016bno. Kad kateteris nei\u0161slyst\u0173, \u0161ioje vietoje jis prisiuvamas prie odos. Aplink kateter\u012f, ties ta vieta, kur jis i\u0161eina \u012f pavir\u0161i\u0173, yra sintetin\u0117 man\u017eet\u0117, \u012f kuri\u0105 \u012fauga k\u016bno audiniai. Tai taip pat prilaiko kateter\u012f ir padeda apsaugoti nuo infekcijos. Kuomet u\u017egyja \u017eaizdel\u0117s, kateteris vaiko aktyvumo beveik neriboja.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\"><b>Kasdienin\u0117 prie\u017ei\u016bra<\/b><\/div><div align=\"justify\">Norint apsisaugoti nuo infekcijos ir kre\u0161uli\u0173 susidarymo, svarbi r\u016bpestinga i\u0161orinio kateterio prie\u017ei\u016bra. Viet\u0105, kur kateteris i\u0161eina i\u0161 k\u016bno, reikia da\u017enai (kas antr\u0105 dien\u0105 ar bent kas savait\u0119) valyti, ant jos u\u017ed\u0117ti ir priklijuoti nauj\u0105 steril\u0173 tvarst\u012f. Kai kuriuose vaik\u0173 onkologijos centruose, aplink kateter\u012f jo i\u0161\u0117jimo vietoje u\u017ededami ma\u017ei antibiotikais impregnuoti diskai. Reikia da\u017enai tikrinti, ar \u0161i vieta n\u0117ra paraudusi, patinusi arba \u0161lapiuojanti. Norint i\u0161vengti kre\u0161uli\u0173 susidarymo, t\u0117vai ir vyresni vaikai mokomi praplauti kateter\u012f heparino tirpalu. \u012evairios \u012fstaigos laikosi skirting\u0173 rekomendacij\u0173, kokiu da\u017eniu tai tur\u0117t\u0173 b\u016bti atliekama. Ligonin\u0117s slaugytojos apmoko t\u0117vus ir vaikus, kaip pri\u017ei\u016br\u0117ti kateter\u012f.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\"><b>Pavojai<\/b><\/div><div align=\"justify\">Svarbiausios komplikacijos naudojant i\u0161orin\u012f kateter\u012f &#8211; infekcija (kraujyje arba \u012fvedimo vietoje) ir kre\u0161uli\u0173 susidarymas pa\u010diame kateteryje ar kraujagysl\u0117je, \u012f kuri\u0105 jis \u012fvestas. Kateterio persilenkimas, pajud\u0117jimas i\u0161 vietos arba i\u0161orin\u0117s kateterio dalies l\u016b\u017eis pasitaiko re\u010diau.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\"><b>Infekcijos<\/b><\/div><div align=\"justify\">Net ir geriausiai pri\u017ei\u016brint, infekcijos pavojus vaikams su i\u0161oriniu kateteriu yra gana didelis, ypa\u010d jei kraujo tyrimo rodikliai ilg\u0105 laik\u0105 b\u016bna \u017eemesni nei norma. Da\u017enai praplaunant i\u0161orin\u012f kateter\u012f padid\u0117ja tikimyb\u0117, jog \u012f j\u012f pateks bakterijos. Daugel\u012f infekcij\u0173 sukelia nat\u016brali vaiko mikroflora, t.y. bakterijos patenkan\u010dios nuo odos, i\u0161 burnos ar vir\u0161kinamojo trakto. Per kateter\u012f jos patenka \u012f kraujotak\u0105. Da\u017eniausias suk\u0117l\u0117jas &#8211; tai ant odos gyvenanti bakterija, vadinama Staphylococcus epidermidis (odos stafilokokas), ta\u010diau taikant chemoterapij\u0105 ir kiti mikrobai gali sukelti infekcijas.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\">Infekcija \u012ftariama, jei temperat\u016bra vir\u0161ija 38,5\u00b0C, parausta, patinsta oda ties kateterio \u012fvedimo vieta ar skauda kateterio srityje. Norint nustatyti ligos suk\u0117l\u0117j\u0105 kraujas paimamas i\u0161 kateterio ir atliekamas pas\u0117lis. Gydymas pradedamas, kai tik \u012ftariama infekcija, ir baigiamas, kuomet su\u017einoma, jog pas\u0117lio atsakymas neigiamas. Jei pas\u0117lis teigiamas, gydymas da\u017eniausiai t\u0119siasi 10-14 dien\u0173. Paprastai gydymas antibiotikais yra veiksmingas, ta\u010diau kai kurie mikroorganizmai ant kateterio sugeba sudaryti bakterin\u0119 pl\u0117vel\u0119, kurios ne\u012fmanoma sunaikinti, d\u0117l \u0161ios prie\u017easties kateter\u012f tenka \u0161alinti. Kai kurie gydytojai reikalauja, kad antibiotikais gydomas vaikas b\u016bt\u0173 guldomas \u012f ligonin\u0119, tuo tarpu kiti leid\u017eia gydytis namie. Jei infekcija nepasiduoda gydymui, kateteris turi b\u016bti i\u0161trauktas.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\"><b>Kre\u0161uliai<\/b><\/div><div align=\"justify\">Nepaisant kasdien\u0117s prie\u017ei\u016bros, kai kada i\u0161oriniai kateteriai u\u017esikem\u0161a ar u\u017ekre\u0161a. Jei kateteris u\u017esikem\u0161a kraujo kre\u0161uliu, j\u012f galima praplauti vaistais, i\u0161tirpdan\u010diais kre\u0161ul\u012f. Tokiems vaistams priklauso aktivaz\u0117 (kitaip &#8211; alteplaz\u0117, rt-pa), urokinaz\u0117 ir streptokinaz\u0117. Jei kateteris u\u017esikem\u0161a vaist\u0173 nuos\u0117domis (precipitatais), i\u0161tirpdyti kam\u0161\u010diui gali b\u016bti naudojamas druskos r\u016bg\u0161ties tirpalas. Tai atsitinka gana retai, da\u017eniausiai naudojant nesuderinamus vaistus tuo pa\u010diu metu, arba ilg\u0105 laik\u0105 taikant intravenin\u012f maitinim\u0105.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\"><b>Persilenkimai<\/b><\/div><div align=\"justify\">Kai kada kateteris persilenkia d\u0117l smailaus kampo, susidaran\u010dio patekimo \u012f kaklo ven\u0105 vietoje. Tokiais atvejais skys\u010diai patenka \u012f kateter\u012f, bet kraujui sunku i\u0161tek\u0117ti. Ir t\u0117vams, ir slaugytojoms tenka gerokai paplu\u0161\u0117ti, i\u0161bandant \u012fvairias vaiko pozas, kad kraujas i\u0161tek\u0117t\u0173. Kitas metodas \u2013 i\u0161mokyti vaik\u0105 vadinamojo Valsalv\u0117s manevro, t.y. pasten\u0117ti lyg tu\u0161tinantis, giliai \u012fkv\u0117pti, pakos\u0117ti ar pasijuokti.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\"><b>Kateterio l\u016b\u017eis<\/b><\/div><div align=\"justify\">Nors ir retai, kartais kateteris sul\u016b\u017eta. Jei \u012fskyla ar l\u016b\u017eta kateterio dalis esanti k\u016bne, kuomet jis nenaudojamas, \u012f aplinkinius audinius patenka tik heparinas. Bet jei kateteris sul\u016b\u017eta, kai la\u0161inami dirginantys chemoterapiniai vaistai, \u0161ie gali nutek\u0117ti ir pa\u017eeisti aplinkinius audinius. I\u0161orin\u0117je dalyje kateteriai taip pat gali l\u016b\u017eti. Jei taip atsitinka, u\u017espauskite vamzdel\u012f tarp l\u016b\u017eio vietos ir kr\u016btin\u0117s, u\u017edenkite steriliu marl\u0117s tamponu ir tuoj pat prane\u0161kite gydytojui. Kartais kateter\u012f galima s\u0117kmingai pataisyti.<b><\/b><\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\"><b>Kiti svarb\u016bs veiksniai<\/b><\/div><div align=\"justify\">I\u0161orinio kateterio tinkamai prie\u017ei\u016brai svarbi motyvacija ir organizuotumas. Vieta valoma, tvarstoma, o heparinas suleid\u017eiamas, naudojant sterili\u0105 technik\u0105. Tvars\u010diai prie odos priklijuojami pleistru. Jei j\u016bs\u0173 vaikas labai nem\u0117gsta pleistr\u0173 ar yra jiems jautrus (verkia nuimant tvarst\u012f, oda paraudonuoja ir suskeld\u0117ja), i\u0161orinis kateteris n\u0117ra geriausias pasirinkimas. I\u0161orinis kateteris nuolatos primena apie v\u0117\u017eio gydym\u0105 ir kei\u010dia k\u016bno \u012fvaizd\u012f. Ir t\u0117vai, ir vaikas turi susitaikyti su mintimi, kad teks gyventi ir tvarkytis su vamzdeliu, i\u0161einan\u010diu i\u0161 kr\u016btin\u0117s. Jis pastebimas po plonais drabu\u017eiais ar maudymosi kostiumu. Jei yra jaunesni\u0173 broliuk\u0173 ar sesu\u010di\u0173, kurie gal\u0117t\u0173 pastumti ar timptel\u0117ti kateter\u012f, \u201eHickman\u201c ar \u201eBroviac\u201c kateteris n\u0117ra tinkamas pasirinkimas. I\u0161 kitos pus\u0117s, i\u0161orinis kateteris da\u017enai pasirenkamas tod\u0117l, kad nereikia adat\u0173, naudojant visi\u0161kai neskauda. Tai labai svarbu ma\u017eiems vaikams ir visiems kitiems, bijantiems adat\u0173 bei skausmo. Pagal kai kuriuos gydymo protokolus, reikalingas dviej\u0173 spind\u017ei\u0173 kateteris (kiek didesnis vamzdelis, padalintas \u012f 2 dalis). Tokiu atveju i\u0161orinis kateteris yra vienintelis pasirinkimas. Galiausiai, vaikams, kuriems reikalingas intraveninis gydymas ilg\u0105 laik\u0105, ar kuriems planuojama kaul\u0173 \u010diulp\u0173 transplantacija, taip pat reikia i\u0161orini\u0173 venini\u0173 kateteri\u0173. D\u0117l i\u0161orinio kateterio ribojamas plaukiojimas, kaitinimasis pirtyje, kartais ir maudymasis vonioje ar po du\u0161u.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"bdt-ep-accordion-title bdt-accordion-title bdt-flex bdt-flex-middle\" id=\"bdt-ep-accordion-poodinis-portas\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-accordion-index=\"2\" data-title=\"poodinis-portas\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon bdt-flex-align-left\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon-closed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-fw fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon-opened\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-fw fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span role=\"heading\" class=\"bdt-ep-title-text bdt-flex-inline bdt-flex-middle\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPoodinis portas\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-content bdt-accordion-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div align=\"justify\">Naudojami keli skirtingi poodiniai portai, i\u0161 kuri\u0173 labiausiai paplit\u0119s \u201ePort-a cath\u201c portas. Poodinis portas skiriasi nuo i\u0161orinio kateterio tuo, kad jis visas yra po oda. Ma\u017eyt\u0117 metalin\u0117 kamera (apie 3 cm skersmens) su guminiu vir\u0161eliu, implantuojama po kr\u016btin\u0117s oda de\u0161in\u0117je pus\u0117je. Kateteris praeina po oda nuo metalin\u0117s kameros (porto) iki stambios venos arti raktikaulio, o toliau venos viduje pasiekia de\u0161in\u012f prie\u0161ird\u012f. Kai tik reikia per kateter\u012f suleisti vaistus ar skys\u010dius, slaugytoja \u012fveda speciali\u0105 adat\u0105 per od\u0105 \u012f porto gumin\u012f vir\u0161el\u012f (pertvar\u0105).<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\"><b>Kateterio \u012fvedimas<\/b><\/div><div align=\"justify\">Poodinis portas implantuojamas operacin\u0117je, naudojant bendr\u0105j\u0105 nejautr\u0105, per ma\u017eiau kaip valand\u0105 trunkan\u010di\u0105 proced\u016br\u0105. Kartais, vyresniems vaikams, naudojama vietin\u0117 nejautra. Chirurgas padaro du pj\u016bvius: vien\u0105 kr\u016btin\u0117je, kur bus \u012fd\u0117tas portas, o kit\u0105 &#8211; kaklo apatin\u0117je dalyje, arti raktikaulio, kur kateteris \u012feis \u012f ven\u0105. Pirmiausia, vienas kateterio galas \u012fvedamas \u012f didel\u0119 kraujagysl\u0119 ir ja nuvedamas iki de\u0161iniojo prie\u0161ird\u017eio. Kitas kateterio galas praki\u0161amas po oda, kur prijungiamas prie porto. \u012e port\u0105 \u012f\u0161virk\u0161\u010diama skys\u010dio, kad \u012fsitikinti, jog prietaisas veikia gerai. Portas patalpinamas kr\u016btin\u0117je po oda ir prisiuvamas prie po juo esan\u010di\u0173 raumen\u0173. Tada abu pj\u016bviai u\u017esiuvami. Vienintelis \u017eenklas, rodantis kad yra implantuotas kateteris &#8211; du ma\u017ei randai ir guzelis po oda, kur guli portas.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\"><b>Kateterio veikimas<\/b> <br \/>Kadangi portas yra po oda, norint j\u012f pasiekti tenka pradurti od\u0105. Proced\u016bros metu oda kruop\u0161\u010diai nuvaloma antiseptiku ir per j\u0105 bei gumin\u012f porto vir\u0161\u0173 \u012fvedama speciali adata. Adata prijungiama prie trumpo vamzdelio, kuris pakabinamas ant kr\u016btin\u0117s. Norint nuskausminti od\u0105, naudojami anesteziniai tepalai ir pur\u0161kalai. Poodiniai portai turi gumin\u0119 pertvar\u0105, kuri, i\u0161traukus adat\u0105, savaime u\u017esidaro, ir yra skirta atlaikyti adat\u0173 d\u016brius daugel\u012f met\u0173. Svarbiausia naudoti speciali\u0105 (ner\u016bdijan\u010di\u0105) adat\u0105, nes netinkamos adatos naudojimas gadina pertvar\u0105, o tai gali sukelti skys\u010dio nutek\u0117jim\u0105 \u012f audinius.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\">Jei vaiko gydymui kasdien reikia naudoti kateter\u012f, slaugytoja prijungia vamzdel\u012f prie intraveni\u0161kai skiriam\u0173 skys\u010di\u0173 la\u0161in\u0117s, o po to u\u017ekem\u0161a j\u012f steriliu dangteliu, praplovusi fiziologiniu tirpalu. Ten, kur adata \u012feina \u012f port\u0105, u\u017ededamas permatomas tvarstis. Taip sujungtas portas gali b\u016bti iki septyni\u0173 dien\u0173. Po to, norint i\u0161vengti infekcijos, adata tur\u0117t\u0173 b\u016bti i\u0161imta, o portas, prireikus, pajungiamas i\u0161 naujo. Jei adata ir vamzdelis yra palikti vietoje, svarbu, kad jie b\u016bt\u0173 gerai pritvirtinti prie kr\u016btin\u0117s.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\">Jei portas naudojamas re\u010diau, tada jis pri\u017ei\u016brimas sekan\u010diai: nuvaloma d\u016brio vieta, \u012fvedama adata, praplaunama fiziologiniu tirpalu, suleid\u017eiama vaist\u0173 arba i\u0161traukiama kraujo, pakartotinai praplaunama fiziologiniu tirpalu, suleid\u017eiama \u012f kateter\u012f heparino, tuomet i\u0161traukiama adata ir u\u017ededamas lipnus tvarstis.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\"><b>Poodinio porto prie\u017ei\u016bra<\/b><\/div><div align=\"justify\">Visas portas ir kateteris yra po oda, tod\u0117l kasdien\u0117 prie\u017ei\u016bra nereikalinga. Oda vir\u0161 porto gali b\u016bti prausiama, kaip ir visas lik\u0119s k\u016bnas. Reikia da\u017enai ap\u017ei\u016br\u0117ti, ar n\u0117ra patinim\u0173, paraudim\u0173 ar \u0161lapiavimo. Poodin\u012f port\u0105 reikia sujungti ir praplauti fiziologiniu tirpalu bei heparinu ma\u017eiausiai kas 30 dien\u0173. Tai da\u017eniausiai sutampa su apsilankymais klinikoje arba kraujo tyrimais. \u0160i\u0105 proced\u016br\u0105 paprastai atlieka slaugytoja ar laborant\u0117.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\"><b>Pavojai<\/b><\/div><div align=\"justify\">Pavojai, esant implantuotam poodiniam portui pana\u0161\u016bs kaip ir naudojant i\u0161orinius kateterius \u2013 tai infekcija, kre\u0161uliai, re\u010diau u\u017esilenkimas ar l\u016b\u017eimas. Jei adata netinkamai \u012fvesta per gumin\u0119 pertvar\u0105 ar pati adata netinkama, \u012f aplinkinius audinius gali nutek\u0117ti skys\u010di\u0173.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\"><b>Infekcija<\/b><\/div><div align=\"justify\">Daugeliu tyrim\u0173 \u012frodyta, kad infekcijos da\u017enis naudojant poodinius portus yra ma\u017eesnis, nei naudojant i\u0161orinius kateterius. Poodinio porto infekcijos atveju elgiamasi taip, kaip ir esant i\u0161orinio kateterio infekcijai.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\"><b>U\u017esilenkimai, kre\u0161uliai, l\u016b\u017eiai<\/b><\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u0160ios komplikacijos gana retos, jei taip atsitinka, elgiamasi pana\u0161iai, kaip ir su i\u0161oriniais kateteriais.<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"bdt-ep-accordion-title bdt-accordion-title bdt-flex bdt-flex-middle\" id=\"bdt-ep-accordion-periferikai-vesti-centriniai-kateteriai\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-accordion-index=\"3\" data-title=\"periferi-kai-vesti-centriniai-kateteriai\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon bdt-flex-align-left\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon-closed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-fw fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon-opened\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-fw fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span role=\"heading\" class=\"bdt-ep-title-text bdt-flex-inline bdt-flex-middle\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPeriferi\u0161kai \u012fvesti centriniai kateteriai\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-content bdt-accordion-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div align=\"justify\">Gydant v\u0117\u017e\u012f, da\u017eni kraujo \u0117mimai tampa gyvenimo dalimi. Kraujo m\u0117giniai da\u017eniausiai reikalingi klinikiniams ir biocheminiams kraujo tyrimams, kraujo pas\u0117liams. Klinikinis kraujo tyrimas parodo \u012fvairi\u0173 kraujo l\u0105steli\u0173 kiek\u012f, pagal kur\u012f gydytojas vertina vaist\u0173 efektyvum\u0105 bei vaiko imlum\u0105 infekcijai. Biocheminis kraujo tyrimas parodo kraujo skystojoje dalyje (plazmoje) esan\u010di\u0173 med\u017eiag\u0173 kiek\u012f, atspindi inkst\u0173 ir kepen\u0173 veikl\u0105. Kraujo pas\u0117liai padeda i\u0161ai\u0161kinti besivystan\u010di\u0105 bakterin\u0119 ar grybelin\u0119 infekcij\u0105.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\">Klinikiniam kraujo tyrimui u\u017etenka kraujo, paimto i\u0161 pir\u0161to, tuo tarpu sud\u0117tingesniems tyrimams reikalingas didesnis kraujo kiekis, paimtas i\u0161 venos ar jau \u012fvesto veninio kateterio<\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"bdt-ep-accordion-title bdt-accordion-title bdt-flex bdt-flex-middle\" id=\"bdt-ep-accordion-kaina\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-accordion-index=\"4\" data-title=\"kaina\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon bdt-flex-align-left\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon-closed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-fw fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon-opened\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-fw fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span role=\"heading\" class=\"bdt-ep-title-text bdt-flex-inline bdt-flex-middle\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tKaina\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-content bdt-accordion-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>I\u0161oriniams bei P\u012eC kateteriams reikia valymui, tvarstymui ir praplovimui skirt\u0173 priemoni\u0173, o poodiniams portams \u2013 ne. I\u0161 kitos pus\u0117s, pats portas paprastai brangesnis nei i\u0161orinis kateteris. Abu \u012fvedami operacin\u0117je, tod\u0117l reikia chirurgo bei anesteziologo paslaug\u0173. Pana\u0161iai portas ir pa\u0161alinamas, o i\u0161orin\u012f kateter\u012f pa\u0161alinti galima tvarstomajame, prie\u0161 tai \u012f ven\u0105 suleidus raminam\u0173j\u0173. Kaip taisykl\u0117, jei kateteriai i\u0161lieka vietoje bent 6 m\u0117nesius, tai bendros i\u0161laidos bus beveik vienodos.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"bdt-ep-accordion-title bdt-accordion-title bdt-flex bdt-flex-middle\" id=\"bdt-ep-accordion-apsisprendimas-nenaudoti-kateterio\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-accordion-index=\"5\" data-title=\"apsisprendimas-nenaudoti-kateterio\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon bdt-flex-align-left\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon-closed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-fw fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon-opened\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-fw fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span role=\"heading\" class=\"bdt-ep-title-text bdt-flex-inline bdt-flex-middle\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tApsisprendimas nenaudoti kateterio\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-content bdt-accordion-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div align=\"justify\">Daugelis gydytoj\u0173 automati\u0161kai paskiria kateterio \u012fvedim\u0105, kai tik vaikui diagnozuojamas v\u0117\u017eys, kiti, atvirk\u0161\u010diai, nem\u0117gsta v\u0117\u017eiu sergantiems vaikams naudoti implantuot\u0173 kateteri\u0173, dar kiti naudoja kateterius tik didel\u0117s rizikos pacientams. Aptarkite su gydytoju, kas l\u0117m\u0117 jo apsisprendim\u0105 vienu ar kitu atveju. Jei d\u0117l ka\u017eko abejojate, i\u0161sakykite savo nuog\u0105stavimus. Kai kurie vaikai teikia pirmenyb\u0119 intravenin\u0117ms injekcijoms ir la\u0161in\u0117ms infuzijoms, o ne implantuotam kateteriui. Be to, ir kai kurie gydytojai, prie\u0161 apsisprend\u017eiant, rekomenduoja pabandyti gydym\u0105 nenaudojant kateterio.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\">Kad konkre\u010dioje situacijoje b\u016bt\u0173 lengviau apsispr\u0119sti, lentel\u0117je pateikiamos kiekvienos kateteri\u0173 r\u016b\u0161ies teigiamos ir neigiamos savyb\u0117s. Teisingo ar klaidingo pasirinkimo n\u0117ra, be to, kiekvienoje situacijoje galimi keli pasirinkimai, kadangi kiekvienas vaikas, kiekvienas t\u0117vas, kiekviena \u0161eima yra skirtingi.<\/div><div align=\"justify\">\u00a0<\/div><div align=\"justify\"><div align=\"center\">\u00a0<\/div><table border=\"1\"><tbody><tr><td align=\"center\"><b>Veiksnys<br \/><\/b><\/td><td align=\"center\"><b>I\u0161orinis kateteris<br \/><\/b><\/td><td align=\"center\"><b>Poodinis portas<br \/><\/b><\/td><td align=\"center\"><b>P\u012eCK<br \/><\/b><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><i>\u00a0Infekcijos da\u017enis<br \/><\/i><\/td><td>\u00a0Auk\u0161tesnis<\/td><td>\u00a0\u017demesnis<\/td><td>\u00a0Auk\u0161tesnis<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><i>\u00a0Prie\u017ei\u016bra<br \/><\/i><\/td><td>\u00a0Kasdien\u0117<\/td><td>\u00a0Kasm\u0117nesin\u0117<\/td><td>\u00a0Kasdien\u0117<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><i>\u00a0K\u016bno poky\u010diai<br \/><\/i><\/td><td>\u00a0Ry\u0161k\u016bs: vamzdeliai <br \/>\u00a0k\u016bno i\u0161or\u0117je<\/td><td>\u00a0Ne\u017eym\u016bs: guzelis <br \/>\u00a0po oda<\/td><td>\u00a0Ry\u0161k\u016bs: vamzdeliai <br \/>\u00a0k\u016bno i\u0161or\u0117je<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><i>\u00a0Skausmas<br \/><\/i><\/td><td>\u00a0Tvars\u010di\u0173 keitimas<\/td><td>\u00a0Adatos d\u016bris \u012f port\u0105, <br \/>\u00a0tvars\u010di\u0173 keitimas<\/td><td>\u00a0Adatos d\u016bris \u012fvedant <br \/>\u00a0kateter\u012f, tvars\u010di\u0173 keitimas<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><i>\u00a0Baim\u0117<br \/><\/i><\/td><td>\u00a0\u012evairaus laipsnio<\/td><td>\u00a0\u012evairaus laipsnio<\/td><td>\u00a0\u012evairaus laipsnio<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><i>\u00a0Kaina<br \/><\/i><\/td><td>\u00a0Didesn\u0117 d\u0117l <br \/>\u00a0kasdien\u0117 prie\u017ei\u016bros<\/td><td>\u00a0Ma\u017eesn\u0117, d\u0117l <br \/>\u00a0retesn\u0117s prie\u017ei\u016bra<\/td><td>\u00a0Didesn\u0117 d\u0117l <br \/>\u00a0kasdien\u0117s\u00a0 prie\u017ei\u016bros<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><i>\u00a0 Rizika, kad vaistai <br \/>\u00a0pateks \u012f audinius<\/i><\/td><td>\u00a0Ma\u017eiausia<\/td><td>\u00a0Ma\u017ea<\/td><td>\u00a0Ma\u017ea<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/div>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div\t\t\t\t\t\t\tclass=\"bdt-ep-accordion-title bdt-accordion-title bdt-flex bdt-flex-middle\" id=\"bdt-ep-accordion-apsisprendimas\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdata-accordion-index=\"6\" data-title=\"apsisprendimas\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon bdt-flex-align-left\"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\taria-hidden=\"true\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon-closed\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-fw fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-icon-opened\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fa-fw fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span role=\"heading\" class=\"bdt-ep-title-text bdt-flex-inline bdt-flex-middle\" >\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tApsisprendimas\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"bdt-ep-accordion-content bdt-accordion-content\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Per\u017ei\u016br\u0117j\u0119 pateikt\u0105 informacij\u0105 ir palyginimus lentel\u0117je, kiekvieno kateterio privalumus aptarkite su gydytoju. Kiekvien\u0105 \u201eu\u017e\u201c ir \u201eprie\u0161\u201c aptarkite ir su savo vaiku, jei \u0161is jau pakankamai didelis. Apsilankykite kitose palatose, pasikalb\u0117kite su t\u0117vais ir vaikais, kok\u012f kateterio tip\u0105 jie pasirinko ir kod\u0117l. Tikriausiai \u010dia j\u016bs i\u0161girsite labai daug svari\u0173 argument\u0173 pasirenkant vien\u0105 ar kit\u0105 kateterio tip\u0105. Slaugytojos taip pat gali suteikti nema\u017eai vertingos informacijos. Jos ma\u010diusios \u0161imtus vaik\u0173 su kateteriais, tod\u0117l konkre\u010dioje situacijoje gali puikiai patarti kiekvienai \u0161eimai.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Bendra informacija Veniniai kateteriai Daugeliui v\u0117\u017eiu sergan\u010di\u0173 vaik\u0173 reikalingas intensyvus gydymas, \u012fskaitant chemoterapij\u0105, intravenini\u0173 (IV) skys\u010di\u0173, antibiotik\u0173 skyrim\u0105, kraujo ir trombocit\u0173 perpylim\u0105, da\u017enus kraujo tyrimus ir, kartais, IV maitinim\u0105. Veniniai kateteriai Venini\u0173 kateteri\u0173 panaudojimas, \u012fvedant juos \u012f did\u017ei\u0105sias venas, pasitvirtino kaip labai veiksmingas intensyviosios terapijos metodas. Naudojant veninius kateterius, i\u0161vengiama daugkartinio ven\u0173 ie\u0161kojimo bei badymo. [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3734,"menu_order":8,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-3802","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Veniniai kateteriai - Labdaros ir paramos fondas \u201eRugut\u0117\u201c<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Venini\u0173 kateteri\u0173 panaudojimas, \u012fvedant juos \u012f did\u017ei\u0105sias venas, pasitvirtino kaip labai veiksmingas intensyviosios terapijos metodas.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/rugute.lt\/en\/informacija\/bendra-informacija\/kateteriai\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Veniniai kateteriai - 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